switch_stun.c

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/*
 * FreeSWITCH Modular Media Switching Software Library / Soft-Switch Application
 * Copyright (C) 2005-2014, Anthony Minessale II <anthm@freeswitch.org>
 *
 * Version: MPL 1.1
 *
 * The contents of this file are subject to the Mozilla Public License Version
 * 1.1 (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
 * the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
 * http://www.mozilla.org/MPL/
 *
 * Software distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" basis,
 * WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. See the License
 * for the specific language governing rights and limitations under the
 * License.
 *
 * The Original Code is FreeSWITCH Modular Media Switching Software Library / Soft-Switch Application
 *
 * The Initial Developer of the Original Code is
 * Anthony Minessale II <anthm@freeswitch.org>
 * Portions created by the Initial Developer are Copyright (C)
 * the Initial Developer. All Rights Reserved.
 *
 * Contributor(s):
 *
 * Anthony Minessale II <anthm@freeswitch.org>
 * Fanzhou Zhao <fanzhou@gmail.com> 2006-08-22 (Bugfix 2357-2358)
 *
 *
 * switch_stun.c STUN (Simple Traversal of UDP over NAT)
 *
 */

#include <switch.h>
#include <switch_stun.h>
#include <openssl/sha.h>
#include <openssl/hmac.h>

struct value_mapping {
        const uint32_t value;
        const char *name;
};

static const struct value_mapping PACKET_TYPES[] = {
        {SWITCH_STUN_BINDING_REQUEST, "BINDING_REQUEST"},
        {SWITCH_STUN_BINDING_RESPONSE, "BINDING_RESPONSE"},
        {SWITCH_STUN_BINDING_ERROR_RESPONSE, "BINDING_ERROR_RESPONSE"},
        {SWITCH_STUN_SHARED_SECRET_REQUEST, "SHARED_SECRET_REQUEST"},
        {SWITCH_STUN_SHARED_SECRET_RESPONSE, "SHARED_SECRET_RESPONSE"},
        {SWITCH_STUN_SHARED_SECRET_ERROR_RESPONSE, "SHARED_SECRET_ERROR_RESPONSE"},
        {SWITCH_STUN_ALLOCATE_REQUEST, "ALLOCATE_REQUEST"},
        {SWITCH_STUN_ALLOCATE_RESPONSE, "ALLOCATE_RESPONSE"},
        {SWITCH_STUN_ALLOCATE_ERROR_RESPONSE, "ALLOCATE_ERROR_RESPONSE"},
        {SWITCH_STUN_SEND_REQUEST, "SEND_REQUEST"},
        {SWITCH_STUN_SEND_RESPONSE, "SEND_RESPONSE"},
        {SWITCH_STUN_SEND_ERROR_RESPONSE, "SEND_ERROR_RESPONSE"},
        {SWITCH_STUN_DATA_INDICATION, "DATA_INDICATION"},
        {0, 0}
};

static const struct value_mapping ATTR_TYPES[] = {
        {SWITCH_STUN_ATTR_MAPPED_ADDRESS, "MAPPED_ADDRESS"},
        {SWITCH_STUN_ATTR_XOR_MAPPED_ADDRESS, "XOR_MAPPED_ADDRESS"},
        {SWITCH_STUN_ATTR_RESPONSE_ADDRESS, "RESPONSE_ADDRESS"},
        {SWITCH_STUN_ATTR_CHANGE_REQUEST, "CHANGE_REQUEST"},
        {SWITCH_STUN_ATTR_SOURCE_ADDRESS, "SOURCE_ADDRESS"},
        {SWITCH_STUN_ATTR_CHANGED_ADDRESS, "CHANGED_ADDRESS"},
        {SWITCH_STUN_ATTR_USERNAME, "USERNAME"},
        {SWITCH_STUN_ATTR_PASSWORD, "PASSWORD"},
        {SWITCH_STUN_ATTR_MESSAGE_INTEGRITY, "MESSAGE_INTEGRITY"},
        {SWITCH_STUN_ATTR_ERROR_CODE, "ERROR_CODE"},
        {SWITCH_STUN_ATTR_UNKNOWN_ATTRIBUTES, "UNKNOWN_ATTRIBUTES"},
        {SWITCH_STUN_ATTR_REFLECTED_FROM, "REFLECTED_FROM"},
        {SWITCH_STUN_ATTR_TRANSPORT_PREFERENCES, "TRANSPORT_PREFERENCES"},
        {SWITCH_STUN_ATTR_LIFETIME, "LIFETIME"},
        {SWITCH_STUN_ATTR_ALTERNATE_SERVER, "ALTERNATE_SERVER"},
        {SWITCH_STUN_ATTR_MAGIC_COOKIE, "MAGIC_COOKIE"},
        {SWITCH_STUN_ATTR_BANDWIDTH, "BANDWIDTH"},
        {SWITCH_STUN_ATTR_DESTINATION_ADDRESS, "DESTINATION_ADDRESS"},
        {SWITCH_STUN_ATTR_SOURCE_ADDRESS2, "SOURCE_ADDRESS2"},
        {SWITCH_STUN_ATTR_DATA, "DATA"},
        {SWITCH_STUN_ATTR_OPTIONS, "OPTIONS"},
        {SWITCH_STUN_ATTR_PRIORITY, "PRIORITY"},
        {SWITCH_STUN_ATTR_USE_CAND, "USE_CAND"},
        {SWITCH_STUN_ATTR_PADDING, "PADDING"},
        {SWITCH_STUN_ATTR_RESP_PORT, "RESP_PORT"},
        {SWITCH_STUN_ATTR_SOFTWARE, "SOFTWARE"},
        {SWITCH_STUN_ATTR_ALT_SERVER, "ALT_SERVER"},
        {SWITCH_STUN_ATTR_FINGERPRINT, "FINGERPRINT"},
        {SWITCH_STUN_ATTR_CONTROLLED, "CONTROLLED"},
        {SWITCH_STUN_ATTR_CONTROLLING, "CONTROLLING"},
        {SWITCH_STUN_ATTR_RESP_ORIGIN, "RESP_ORIGIN"},
        {SWITCH_STUN_ATTR_OTHER_ADDR, "OTHER_ADDR"},
        {0, 0}
};

static const struct value_mapping ERROR_TYPES[] = {
        {SWITCH_STUN_ERROR_BAD_REQUEST, "BAD_REQUEST"},
        {SWITCH_STUN_ERROR_UNAUTHORIZED, "UNAUTHORIZED"},
        {SWITCH_STUN_ERROR_UNKNOWN_ATTRIBUTE, "UNKNOWN_ATTRIBUTE"},
        {SWITCH_STUN_ERROR_STALE_CREDENTIALS, "STALE_CREDENTIALS"},
        {SWITCH_STUN_ERROR_INTEGRITY_CHECK_FAILURE, "INTEGRITY_CHECK_FAILURE"},
        {SWITCH_STUN_ERROR_MISSING_USERNAME, "MISSING_USERNAME"},
        {SWITCH_STUN_ERROR_USE_TLS, "USE_TLS"},
        {SWITCH_STUN_ERROR_SERVER_ERROR, "SERVER_ERROR"},
        {SWITCH_STUN_ERROR_GLOBAL_FAILURE, "GLOBAL_FAILURE"},
        {0, 0}
};

static void v6_xor(uint8_t *addr, const uint8_t *transaction_id)
{
        int i;

        addr[0] ^= 0x21;
        addr[1] ^= 0x12;
        addr[2] ^= 0xa4;
        addr[3] ^= 0x42;

        for (i = 0; i < 12; i++) {
                addr[i + 4] ^= transaction_id[i];
        }
}


SWITCH_DECLARE(void) switch_stun_random_string(char *buf, uint16_t len, char *set)
{
        char chars[] = "abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ0123456789";
        int max;
        uint16_t x;

        if (!set) {
                set = chars;
        }

        max = (int) strlen(set);

        for (x = 0; x < len; x++) {
                int j = (int) (max * 1.0 * rand() / (RAND_MAX + 1.0));
                buf[x] = set[j];
        }
}


SWITCH_DECLARE(switch_stun_packet_t *) switch_stun_packet_parse(uint8_t *buf, uint32_t len)
{
        switch_stun_packet_t *packet;
        switch_stun_packet_attribute_t *attr;
        uint32_t bytes_left = len;
        void *end_buf = buf + len;
        int xlen = 0;

        if (len < SWITCH_STUN_PACKET_MIN_LEN) {
                return NULL;
        }

        packet = (switch_stun_packet_t *) buf;
        packet->header.type = ntohs(packet->header.type);
        packet->header.length = ntohs(packet->header.length);
        if (packet->header.length > (bytes_left -= 20)) return NULL;

        /*
         * Check packet type (RFC3489(bis?) values)
         */
        switch (packet->header.type) {
        case SWITCH_STUN_BINDING_REQUEST:
        case SWITCH_STUN_BINDING_RESPONSE:
        case SWITCH_STUN_BINDING_ERROR_RESPONSE:
        case SWITCH_STUN_SHARED_SECRET_REQUEST:
        case SWITCH_STUN_SHARED_SECRET_RESPONSE:
        case SWITCH_STUN_SHARED_SECRET_ERROR_RESPONSE:
        case SWITCH_STUN_ALLOCATE_REQUEST:
        case SWITCH_STUN_ALLOCATE_RESPONSE:
        case SWITCH_STUN_ALLOCATE_ERROR_RESPONSE:
        case SWITCH_STUN_SEND_REQUEST:
        case SWITCH_STUN_SEND_RESPONSE:
        case SWITCH_STUN_SEND_ERROR_RESPONSE:
        case SWITCH_STUN_DATA_INDICATION:
                /* Valid */
                break;

        default:
                /* Invalid value */
                return NULL;
        }

        /*
         * Check for length overflow
         */
        if (bytes_left <= 0) {
                /* Invalid */
                return NULL;
        }

        /*
         * No payload?
         */
        if (packet->header.length == 0) {
                /* Invalid?! */
                return NULL;
        }

        /* check if we have enough bytes left for an attribute */
        if (bytes_left < SWITCH_STUN_ATTRIBUTE_MIN_LEN) {
                return NULL;
        }

        switch_stun_packet_first_attribute(packet, attr);
        do {
                int16_t alen;

                if (bytes_left < 4) return NULL;
                
                attr->length = ntohs(attr->length);
                attr->type = ntohs(attr->type);
                bytes_left -= 4;                /* attribute header consumed */

                alen = switch_stun_attribute_padded_length(attr);
                
                if (alen > (int)bytes_left || alen < 0) {
                        /*
                         * Note we simply don't "break" here out of the loop anymore because
                         * we don't want the upper layers to have to deal with attributes without a value
                         * (or worse: invalid length)
                         */
                        return NULL;
                }

                /*
                 * Handle STUN attributes
                 */
                switch (attr->type) {
                case SWITCH_STUN_ATTR_MAPPED_ADDRESS:   /* Address, we only care about this one, but parse the others too */
                case SWITCH_STUN_ATTR_XOR_MAPPED_ADDRESS:
                case SWITCH_STUN_ATTR_RESPONSE_ADDRESS:
                case SWITCH_STUN_ATTR_SOURCE_ADDRESS:
                case SWITCH_STUN_ATTR_CHANGED_ADDRESS:
                case SWITCH_STUN_ATTR_REFLECTED_FROM:
                case SWITCH_STUN_ATTR_ALTERNATE_SERVER:
                case SWITCH_STUN_ATTR_DESTINATION_ADDRESS:
                case SWITCH_STUN_ATTR_PRIORITY:
                        {
                                switch_stun_ip_t *ip = (switch_stun_ip_t *) attr->value;
                                ip->port = ntohs(ip->port);
                        }
                        break;
                case SWITCH_STUN_ATTR_SOURCE_ADDRESS2:
                        {
                                switch_stun_ip_t *ip;
                                uint32_t addr_length = 0;
                                ip = (switch_stun_ip_t *) attr->value;

                                switch (ip->family) {
                                case 0x01:              /* IPv4 */
                                        addr_length = 4;
                                        break;

                                case 0x02:              /* IPv6 */
                                        addr_length = 16;
                                        break;

                                default:                /* Invalid */
                                        return NULL;
                                }

                                /* attribute payload length must be == address length + size of other payload fields (family...) */
                                if (attr->length != addr_length + 4) {
                                        /* Invalid */
                                        return NULL;
                                }

                                ip->port = ntohs(ip->port);
                        }
                        break;

                case SWITCH_STUN_ATTR_CHANGE_REQUEST:   /* UInt32 */
                case SWITCH_STUN_ATTR_LIFETIME:
                case SWITCH_STUN_ATTR_BANDWIDTH:
                case SWITCH_STUN_ATTR_OPTIONS:
                        {
                                uint32_t *val = (uint32_t *) attr->value;

                                if (attr->length != sizeof(uint32_t)) {
                                        /* Invalid */
                                        return NULL;
                                }

                                *val = ntohl(*val);     /* should we do this here? */
                        }
                        break;
                case SWITCH_STUN_ATTR_ERROR_CODE:       /* ErrorCode */
                        {
                                uint32_t *u = (uint32_t *) attr->value;
                                *u = htonl(*u);
                        }
                        break;

                case SWITCH_STUN_ATTR_SOFTWARE:
                case SWITCH_STUN_ATTR_USERNAME: /* ByteString, multiple of 4 bytes */
                case SWITCH_STUN_ATTR_PASSWORD: /* ByteString, multiple of 4 bytes */
                case SWITCH_STUN_ATTR_DATA:     /* ByteString */
                case SWITCH_STUN_ATTR_TRANSPORT_PREFERENCES:    /* TransportPrefs */
                        /*
                         * No length checking here, since we already checked against the padded length
                         * before
                         */
                        break;

                case SWITCH_STUN_ATTR_MESSAGE_INTEGRITY:        /* ByteString, 20 bytes */
                        if (attr->length != 20) {
                                /* Invalid */
                                return NULL;
                        }
                        break;

                case SWITCH_STUN_ATTR_MAGIC_COOKIE:     /* ByteString, 4 bytes */
                        if (attr->length != 4) {
                                /* Invalid */
                                return NULL;
                        }
                        break;

                case SWITCH_STUN_ATTR_UNKNOWN_ATTRIBUTES:       /* UInt16List (= multiple of 2 bytes) */
                        if (attr->length % 2 != 0) {
                                return NULL;
                        }
                        break;

                default:
                        break;
                }

                bytes_left -= alen;     /* attribute value consumed, substract padded length */

                xlen += 4 + alen;

                attr = (switch_stun_packet_attribute_t *) (attr->value + alen);
                if ((void *)attr > end_buf) {
                        break;
                }
        } while (xlen < packet->header.length);

        if ((uint32_t) (packet->header.length + 20) > (uint32_t) (len - bytes_left)) {
                /*
                 * the packet length is longer than the length of all attributes?
                 * for now simply decrease the packet size
                 */
                packet->header.length = (uint16_t) ((len - bytes_left) - 20);
        }

        return packet;
}


SWITCH_DECLARE(const char *) switch_stun_value_to_name(int32_t type, uint32_t value)
{
        uint32_t x = 0;
        const struct value_mapping *map = NULL;
        switch (type) {
        case SWITCH_STUN_TYPE_PACKET_TYPE:
                map = PACKET_TYPES;
                break;
        case SWITCH_STUN_TYPE_ATTRIBUTE:
                map = ATTR_TYPES;
                break;
        case SWITCH_STUN_TYPE_ERROR:
                map = ERROR_TYPES;
                break;
        default:
                map = NULL;
                break;
        }

        if (map) {
                for (x = 0; map[x].value; x++) {
                        if (map[x].value == value) {
                                return map[x].name;
                        }
                }
        }

        return "INVALID";
}

SWITCH_DECLARE(uint8_t) switch_stun_packet_attribute_get_mapped_address(switch_stun_packet_attribute_t *attribute, char *ipstr, switch_size_t iplen, uint16_t *port)
{
        switch_stun_ip_t *ip;
        uint8_t x, *i;
        char *p = ipstr;

        ip = (switch_stun_ip_t *) attribute->value;
        i = (uint8_t *) & ip->address;
        *ipstr = 0;
        for (x = 0; x < 4; x++) {
                sprintf(p, "%u%s", i[x], x == 3 ? "" : ".");
                p = ipstr + strlen(ipstr);
        }
        *port = ip->port;
        return 1;
}

SWITCH_DECLARE(uint8_t) switch_stun_packet_attribute_get_xor_mapped_address(switch_stun_packet_attribute_t *attribute, switch_stun_packet_header_t *header, char *ipstr, switch_size_t iplen, uint16_t *port)
{
        switch_stun_ip_t *ip;
        uint8_t x, *i;
        char *p = ipstr;

        ip = (switch_stun_ip_t *) attribute->value;

        if (ip->family == 2) {
                uint8_t *v6addr = (uint8_t *) &ip->address;
                v6_xor(v6addr, (uint8_t *)header->id);
                inet_ntop(AF_INET6, v6addr, ipstr, iplen);
        } else {
                ip->address ^= header->cookie;

                i = (uint8_t *) & ip->address;
                *ipstr = 0;
                for (x = 0; x < 4; x++) {
                        sprintf(p, "%u%s", i[x], x == 3 ? "" : ".");
                        p = ipstr + strlen(ipstr);
                }
        }

        ip->port ^= ntohl(header->cookie) >> 16;
        *port = ip->port;

        return 1;
}

SWITCH_DECLARE(char *) switch_stun_packet_attribute_get_username(switch_stun_packet_attribute_t *attribute, char *username, uint16_t len)
{
        uint16_t cpylen;

        cpylen = attribute->length < len ? attribute->length : len;
        return memcpy(username, attribute->value, cpylen);
}

SWITCH_DECLARE(switch_stun_packet_t *) switch_stun_packet_build_header(switch_stun_message_t type, char *id, uint8_t *buf)
{
        switch_stun_packet_header_t *header;


        header = (switch_stun_packet_header_t *) buf;
        header->type = htons(type);
        header->length = 0;
        header->cookie = htonl(STUN_MAGIC_COOKIE);

        if (id) {
                memcpy(header->id, id, 12);
        } else {
                switch_stun_random_string(header->id, 12, NULL);
        }

        return (switch_stun_packet_t *) buf;
}


SWITCH_DECLARE(uint8_t) switch_stun_packet_attribute_add_binded_address(switch_stun_packet_t *packet, char *ipstr, uint16_t port, int family)
{
        switch_stun_packet_attribute_t *attribute;
        switch_stun_ip_t *ip;

        attribute = (switch_stun_packet_attribute_t *) ((uint8_t *) & packet->first_attribute + ntohs(packet->header.length));
        attribute->type = htons(SWITCH_STUN_ATTR_XOR_MAPPED_ADDRESS);

        if (family == AF_INET6) {
                attribute->length = htons(20);
        } else {
                attribute->length = htons(8);
        }

        ip = (switch_stun_ip_t *) attribute->value;

        ip->port = htons(port ^ (STUN_MAGIC_COOKIE >> 16));

        if (family == AF_INET6) {
                ip->family = 2;
        } else {
                ip->family = 1;
        }

        if (family == AF_INET6) {
                inet_pton(AF_INET6, ipstr, (struct in6_addr *) &ip->address);
        } else {
                inet_pton(AF_INET, ipstr, (int *) &ip->address);
        }

        packet->header.length += htons(sizeof(switch_stun_packet_attribute_t)) + attribute->length;
        return 1;
}

SWITCH_DECLARE(uint8_t) switch_stun_packet_attribute_add_xor_binded_address(switch_stun_packet_t *packet, char *ipstr, uint16_t port, int family)
{
        switch_stun_packet_attribute_t *attribute;
        switch_stun_ip_t *ip;

        attribute = (switch_stun_packet_attribute_t *) ((uint8_t *) & packet->first_attribute + ntohs(packet->header.length));
        attribute->type = htons(SWITCH_STUN_ATTR_XOR_MAPPED_ADDRESS);

        if (family == AF_INET6) {
                attribute->length = htons(20);
        } else {
                attribute->length = htons(8);
        }

        ip = (switch_stun_ip_t *) attribute->value;

        ip->port = htons(port ^ (STUN_MAGIC_COOKIE >> 16));

        if (family == AF_INET6) {
                ip->family = 2;
        } else {
                ip->family = 1;
        }

        if (family == AF_INET6) {
                inet_pton(AF_INET6, ipstr, (struct in6_addr *) &ip->address);
                v6_xor((uint8_t *)&ip->address, (uint8_t *)packet->header.id);
        } else {
                inet_pton(AF_INET, ipstr, (int *) &ip->address);
                ip->address = htonl(ntohl(ip->address) ^ STUN_MAGIC_COOKIE);
        }

        packet->header.length += htons(sizeof(switch_stun_packet_attribute_t)) + attribute->length;
        return 1;
}

SWITCH_DECLARE(uint8_t) switch_stun_packet_attribute_add_priority(switch_stun_packet_t *packet, uint32_t priority)
{
        switch_stun_packet_attribute_t *attribute;

        priority = htonl(priority);
        attribute = (switch_stun_packet_attribute_t *) ((uint8_t *) & packet->first_attribute + ntohs(packet->header.length));
        attribute->type = htons(SWITCH_STUN_ATTR_PRIORITY);
        attribute->length = htons(4);
        memcpy(attribute->value, &priority, 4);

        packet->header.length += htons(sizeof(switch_stun_packet_attribute_t)) + attribute->length;
        return 1;
}

SWITCH_DECLARE(uint8_t) switch_stun_packet_attribute_add_integrity(switch_stun_packet_t *packet, const char *pass)
{
        switch_stun_packet_attribute_t *attribute;
        uint16_t xlen;

        attribute = (switch_stun_packet_attribute_t *) ((uint8_t *) & packet->first_attribute + ntohs(packet->header.length));
        attribute->type = htons(SWITCH_STUN_ATTR_MESSAGE_INTEGRITY);
        attribute->length = htons(20);

        xlen = ntohs(packet->header.length) + sizeof(switch_stun_packet_header_t);
        packet->header.length += htons(sizeof(switch_stun_packet_attribute_t)) + attribute->length;

        HMAC(EVP_sha1(), (unsigned char *)pass, (int)strlen(pass), (void *)packet, xlen, (void *)attribute->value, NULL);

        return 1;
}

SWITCH_DECLARE(uint8_t) switch_stun_packet_attribute_add_fingerprint(switch_stun_packet_t *packet)
{
        switch_stun_packet_attribute_t *attribute;
        uint32_t crc;
        uint16_t xlen;

        attribute = (switch_stun_packet_attribute_t *) ((uint8_t *) & packet->first_attribute + ntohs(packet->header.length));
        attribute->type = htons(SWITCH_STUN_ATTR_FINGERPRINT);
        attribute->length = htons(4);

        xlen = ntohs(packet->header.length) + sizeof(switch_stun_packet_header_t);

        packet->header.length += htons(sizeof(switch_stun_packet_attribute_t)) + attribute->length;

        crc = htonl(switch_crc32_8bytes(packet, xlen) ^ 0x5354554e);

        memcpy(attribute->value, &crc, 4);

        return 1;
}


SWITCH_DECLARE(uint8_t) switch_stun_packet_attribute_add_use_candidate(switch_stun_packet_t *packet)
{
        switch_stun_packet_attribute_t *attribute;

        attribute = (switch_stun_packet_attribute_t *) ((uint8_t *) & packet->first_attribute + ntohs(packet->header.length));
        attribute->type = htons(SWITCH_STUN_ATTR_USE_CAND);
        attribute->length = htons(0);
        packet->header.length += htons(sizeof(switch_stun_packet_attribute_t)) + attribute->length;
        return 1;
}

SWITCH_DECLARE(uint8_t) switch_stun_packet_attribute_add_controlling(switch_stun_packet_t *packet)
{
        switch_stun_packet_attribute_t *attribute;
        char buf[8];

        switch_stun_random_string(buf, 8, NULL);

        attribute = (switch_stun_packet_attribute_t *) ((uint8_t *) & packet->first_attribute + ntohs(packet->header.length));
        attribute->type = htons(SWITCH_STUN_ATTR_CONTROLLING);
        attribute->length = htons(8);
        memcpy(attribute->value, buf, 8);
        packet->header.length += htons(sizeof(switch_stun_packet_attribute_t)) + attribute->length;
        return 1;
}

SWITCH_DECLARE(uint8_t) switch_stun_packet_attribute_add_controlled(switch_stun_packet_t *packet)
{
        switch_stun_packet_attribute_t *attribute;
        char buf[8];

        switch_stun_random_string(buf, 8, NULL);

        attribute = (switch_stun_packet_attribute_t *) ((uint8_t *) & packet->first_attribute + ntohs(packet->header.length));
        attribute->type = htons(SWITCH_STUN_ATTR_CONTROLLED);
        attribute->length = htons(8);
        memcpy(attribute->value, buf, 8);
        packet->header.length += htons(sizeof(switch_stun_packet_attribute_t)) + attribute->length;
        return 1;
}


SWITCH_DECLARE(uint8_t) switch_stun_packet_attribute_add_username(switch_stun_packet_t *packet, char *username, uint16_t ulen)
{
        switch_stun_packet_attribute_t *attribute;
        int m = ulen % 4;
        int padding = 0;

        if (m) {
                padding = 4 - m;
        }

        attribute = (switch_stun_packet_attribute_t *) ((uint8_t *) & packet->first_attribute + ntohs(packet->header.length));
        attribute->type = htons(SWITCH_STUN_ATTR_USERNAME);
        attribute->length = htons(ulen);
        if (username) {
                memcpy(attribute->value, username, ulen);
        } else {
                switch_stun_random_string(attribute->value, ulen, NULL);
        }

        packet->header.length += htons((u_short)(sizeof(switch_stun_packet_attribute_t) + padding)) + attribute->length;

        return 1;
}

SWITCH_DECLARE(uint8_t) switch_stun_packet_attribute_add_software(switch_stun_packet_t *packet, char *software, uint16_t ulen)
{
        switch_stun_packet_attribute_t *attribute;
        int m = ulen % 4;
        int padding = 0;

        if (m) {
                padding = 4 - m;
        }

        attribute = (switch_stun_packet_attribute_t *) ((uint8_t *) & packet->first_attribute + ntohs(packet->header.length));
        attribute->type = htons(SWITCH_STUN_ATTR_SOFTWARE);
        attribute->length = htons(ulen);
        if (software) {
                memcpy(attribute->value, software, ulen);
        } else {
                switch_stun_random_string(attribute->value, ulen, NULL);
        }

        packet->header.length += htons((u_short)(sizeof(switch_stun_packet_attribute_t) + padding)) + attribute->length;

        return 1;
}

SWITCH_DECLARE(uint8_t) switch_stun_packet_attribute_add_password(switch_stun_packet_t *packet, char *password, uint16_t ulen)
{
        switch_stun_packet_attribute_t *attribute;
        int m = ulen % 4;
        int padding = 0;

        if (m) {
                padding = 4 - m;
        }

        attribute = (switch_stun_packet_attribute_t *) ((uint8_t *) & packet->first_attribute + ntohs(packet->header.length));
        attribute->type = htons(SWITCH_STUN_ATTR_PASSWORD);
        attribute->length = htons(ulen);
        if (password) {
                memcpy(attribute->value, password, ulen);
        } else {
                switch_stun_random_string(attribute->value, ulen, NULL);
        }

        packet->header.length += htons((u_short)(sizeof(switch_stun_packet_attribute_t) + padding)) + attribute->length;

        return 1;
}

SWITCH_DECLARE(char *) switch_stun_host_lookup(const char *host, switch_memory_pool_t *pool)
{
        switch_sockaddr_t *addr = NULL;
        char buf[30];
        switch_status_t res;

        res = switch_sockaddr_info_get(&addr, host, SWITCH_UNSPEC, 0, 0, pool);
        (void)res;

        return switch_core_strdup(pool, switch_str_nil(switch_get_addr(buf, sizeof(buf), addr)));

}

SWITCH_DECLARE(switch_status_t) switch_stun_lookup(char **ip,
                                                                                                   switch_port_t *port, char *stunip, switch_port_t stunport, char **err, switch_memory_pool_t *pool)
{
        switch_sockaddr_t *local_addr = NULL, *remote_addr = NULL, *from_addr = NULL;
        switch_socket_t *sock = NULL;
        uint8_t buf[260] = { 0 };
        uint8_t *start = buf;
        void *end_buf;
        switch_stun_packet_t *packet;
        switch_stun_packet_attribute_t *attr;
        switch_size_t bytes = 0;
        char username[33] = { 0 };
        char rip[50] = { 0 };
        uint16_t rport = 0;
        switch_time_t started = 0;
        int funny = 0;
        int size = sizeof(buf);
        int xlen = sizeof(switch_stun_packet_header_t);
        switch_status_t res;

        switch_assert(err);

        if (*err && !strcmp(*err, "funny")) {
                funny = 1;
        }

        *err = "Success";

        res = switch_sockaddr_info_get(&from_addr, NULL, SWITCH_UNSPEC, 0, 0, pool);
        (void)res;

        if (switch_sockaddr_info_get(&local_addr, *ip, SWITCH_UNSPEC, *port, 0, pool) != SWITCH_STATUS_SUCCESS) {
                *err = "Local Address Error!";

                return SWITCH_STATUS_FALSE;
        }

        if (switch_sockaddr_info_get(&remote_addr, stunip, SWITCH_UNSPEC, stunport, 0, pool) != SWITCH_STATUS_SUCCESS) {
                *err = "Remote Address Error!";

                return SWITCH_STATUS_FALSE;
        }

        if (switch_socket_create(&sock, AF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM, 0, pool) != SWITCH_STATUS_SUCCESS) {
                *err = "Socket Error!";

                return SWITCH_STATUS_FALSE;
        }

        if (switch_socket_bind(sock, local_addr) != SWITCH_STATUS_SUCCESS) {
                *err = "Bind Error!";

                return SWITCH_STATUS_FALSE;
        }

        if (funny) {
                *start++ = 0;
                *start++ = 0;
                *start++ = 0x22;
                *start++ = 0x22;
        }

        switch_socket_opt_set(sock, SWITCH_SO_NONBLOCK, TRUE);
        packet = switch_stun_packet_build_header(SWITCH_STUN_BINDING_REQUEST, NULL, start);
        switch_stun_random_string(username, 32, NULL);
        switch_stun_packet_attribute_add_username(packet, username, 32);
        bytes = switch_stun_packet_length(packet);

        if (funny) {
                packet = (switch_stun_packet_t *) buf;
                bytes += 4;
                buf[bytes++] = 0;
                buf[bytes++] = 0;
                buf[bytes++] = 0;
                buf[bytes++] = 0;
        }

        switch_socket_sendto(sock, remote_addr, 0, (void *) packet, &bytes);
        started = switch_micro_time_now();

        *ip = NULL;
        *port = 0;

        for (;;) {
                bytes = sizeof(buf);
                if (switch_socket_recvfrom(from_addr, sock, 0, (char *) &buf, &bytes) == SWITCH_STATUS_SUCCESS && bytes > 0) {
                        break;
                }

                if (((unsigned int)((switch_micro_time_now() - started) / 1000)) > 5000) {
                        *err = "Timeout";
                        switch_socket_shutdown(sock, SWITCH_SHUTDOWN_READWRITE);
                        switch_socket_close(sock);

                        return SWITCH_STATUS_TIMEOUT;
                }
                switch_cond_next();
        }

        switch_socket_close(sock);

        if (funny) {
                size -= 4;
        }

        packet = switch_stun_packet_parse(start, size);
        if (!packet) {
                *err = "Invalid STUN/ICE packet";

                return SWITCH_STATUS_FALSE;
        }

        end_buf = buf + ((sizeof(buf) > packet->header.length) ? packet->header.length : sizeof(buf));

        switch_stun_packet_first_attribute(packet, attr);
        switch_assert(attr);

        do {
                switch (attr->type) {
                case SWITCH_STUN_ATTR_MAPPED_ADDRESS:
                        if (funny) {
                                switch_stun_ip_t *tmp = (switch_stun_ip_t *) attr->value;
                                tmp->address ^= ntohl(0xabcdabcd);
                        }

                        switch_stun_packet_attribute_get_mapped_address(attr, rip, sizeof(rip), &rport);
                        break;
                case SWITCH_STUN_ATTR_XOR_MAPPED_ADDRESS:
                        switch_stun_packet_attribute_get_xor_mapped_address(attr, &packet->header, rip, sizeof(rip), &rport);
                        break;
                case SWITCH_STUN_ATTR_USERNAME:
                        switch_stun_packet_attribute_get_username(attr, username, 32);
                        break;
                }

                if (!switch_stun_packet_next_attribute(attr, end_buf)) {
                        break;
                }

                xlen += 4 + switch_stun_attribute_padded_length(attr);

        } while (xlen <= packet->header.length);

        if (packet->header.type == SWITCH_STUN_BINDING_RESPONSE) {
                *ip = switch_core_strdup(pool, rip);
                *port = rport;

                return SWITCH_STATUS_SUCCESS;
        } else {
                *err = "Invalid Reply";
        }

        return SWITCH_STATUS_FALSE;
}

SWITCH_DECLARE(switch_status_t) switch_stun_ip_lookup(char **external_ip, const char *sourceip, switch_memory_pool_t *external_pool)
{
        switch_status_t status = SWITCH_STATUS_FALSE;
        char *stun_ip = NULL;
        switch_port_t stun_port = (switch_port_t)SWITCH_STUN_DEFAULT_PORT;
        char *p;
        char ip_buf[256] = "";
        char *ip = NULL;
        switch_port_t port = 0;
        switch_memory_pool_t *local_pool = NULL;
        char *error = "";

        if (!sourceip || !external_pool) {
                *external_ip = NULL;
                goto end;
        }

        ip = ip_buf;

        if (!strncasecmp(sourceip, "host:", 5)) {
                status = (*external_ip = switch_stun_host_lookup(sourceip + 5, external_pool)) ? SWITCH_STATUS_SUCCESS : SWITCH_STATUS_FALSE;
        }
        else if (!strncasecmp(sourceip, "stun:", 5)) {

                switch_core_new_memory_pool(&local_pool);

                stun_ip = switch_core_strdup(local_pool, sourceip + 5);

                switch_assert(stun_ip);

                if ((p = strchr(stun_ip, ':'))) {
                        int iport;
                        *p++ = '\0';
                        iport = atoi(p);
                        if (iport > 0 && iport < 0xFFFF) {
                                stun_port = (switch_port_t)iport;
                        }
                }

                switch_find_local_ip(ip_buf, sizeof(ip_buf), NULL, AF_INET);

                if (zstr(stun_ip)) {
                        switch_log_printf(SWITCH_CHANNEL_LOG, SWITCH_LOG_ERROR, "STUN Failed! NO STUN SERVER\n");
                }
                else {
                        if ((switch_stun_lookup(&ip, &port, stun_ip, stun_port, &error, local_pool)) == SWITCH_STATUS_SUCCESS && ip && port) {
                                *external_ip = switch_core_strdup(external_pool, ip);
                                status = SWITCH_STATUS_SUCCESS;
                                switch_log_printf(SWITCH_CHANNEL_LOG, SWITCH_LOG_INFO, "External ip address detected using STUN: %s\n", ip);
                        }
                        else {
                                switch_log_printf(SWITCH_CHANNEL_LOG, SWITCH_LOG_ERROR, "STUN Failed! [%s]\n", error);
                        }
                }

                if (status != SWITCH_STATUS_SUCCESS) {
                        *external_ip = "";
                }

                switch_core_destroy_memory_pool(&local_pool);
        }
        else {
                *external_ip = switch_core_strdup(external_pool, sourceip);
                status = SWITCH_STATUS_SUCCESS;
        }

end:

        return status;
}



/// look-up table, already defined in line 18
const uint32_t crc32Lookup[8][256] =
{
  //// same algorithm as crc32_bitwise
  //for (uint32_t i = 0; i <= 0xFF; i++)
  //{
  //  uint32_t crc = i;
  //  for (unsigned int j = 0; j < 8; j++)
  //    crc = (crc >> 1) ^ ((crc & 1) * Polynomial);
  //  crc32Lookup[0][i] = crc;
  //}
  //// ... and the following slicing-by-8 algorithm (from Intel):
  //// http://www.intel.com/technology/comms/perfnet/download/CRC_generators.pdf
  //// http://sourceforge.net/projects/slicing-by-8/
  //for (unsigned int i = 0; i <= 0xFF; i++)
  //{
  //  crc32Lookup[1][i] = (crc32Lookup[0][i] >> 8) ^ crc32Lookup[0][crc32Lookup[0][i] & 0xFF];
  //  crc32Lookup[2][i] = (crc32Lookup[1][i] >> 8) ^ crc32Lookup[0][crc32Lookup[1][i] & 0xFF];
  //  crc32Lookup[3][i] = (crc32Lookup[2][i] >> 8) ^ crc32Lookup[0][crc32Lookup[2][i] & 0xFF];

  //  crc32Lookup[4][i] = (crc32Lookup[3][i] >> 8) ^ crc32Lookup[0][crc32Lookup[3][i] & 0xFF];
  //  crc32Lookup[5][i] = (crc32Lookup[4][i] >> 8) ^ crc32Lookup[0][crc32Lookup[4][i] & 0xFF];
  //  crc32Lookup[6][i] = (crc32Lookup[5][i] >> 8) ^ crc32Lookup[0][crc32Lookup[5][i] & 0xFF];
  //  crc32Lookup[7][i] = (crc32Lookup[6][i] >> 8) ^ crc32Lookup[0][crc32Lookup[6][i] & 0xFF];
  //}
  { 0x00000000,0x77073096,0xEE0E612C,0x990951BA,0x076DC419,0x706AF48F,0xE963A535,0x9E6495A3,
    0x0EDB8832,0x79DCB8A4,0xE0D5E91E,0x97D2D988,0x09B64C2B,0x7EB17CBD,0xE7B82D07,0x90BF1D91,
    0x1DB71064,0x6AB020F2,0xF3B97148,0x84BE41DE,0x1ADAD47D,0x6DDDE4EB,0xF4D4B551,0x83D385C7,
    0x136C9856,0x646BA8C0,0xFD62F97A,0x8A65C9EC,0x14015C4F,0x63066CD9,0xFA0F3D63,0x8D080DF5,
    0x3B6E20C8,0x4C69105E,0xD56041E4,0xA2677172,0x3C03E4D1,0x4B04D447,0xD20D85FD,0xA50AB56B,
    0x35B5A8FA,0x42B2986C,0xDBBBC9D6,0xACBCF940,0x32D86CE3,0x45DF5C75,0xDCD60DCF,0xABD13D59,
    0x26D930AC,0x51DE003A,0xC8D75180,0xBFD06116,0x21B4F4B5,0x56B3C423,0xCFBA9599,0xB8BDA50F,
    0x2802B89E,0x5F058808,0xC60CD9B2,0xB10BE924,0x2F6F7C87,0x58684C11,0xC1611DAB,0xB6662D3D,
    0x76DC4190,0x01DB7106,0x98D220BC,0xEFD5102A,0x71B18589,0x06B6B51F,0x9FBFE4A5,0xE8B8D433,
    0x7807C9A2,0x0F00F934,0x9609A88E,0xE10E9818,0x7F6A0DBB,0x086D3D2D,0x91646C97,0xE6635C01,
    0x6B6B51F4,0x1C6C6162,0x856530D8,0xF262004E,0x6C0695ED,0x1B01A57B,0x8208F4C1,0xF50FC457,
    0x65B0D9C6,0x12B7E950,0x8BBEB8EA,0xFCB9887C,0x62DD1DDF,0x15DA2D49,0x8CD37CF3,0xFBD44C65,
    0x4DB26158,0x3AB551CE,0xA3BC0074,0xD4BB30E2,0x4ADFA541,0x3DD895D7,0xA4D1C46D,0xD3D6F4FB,
    0x4369E96A,0x346ED9FC,0xAD678846,0xDA60B8D0,0x44042D73,0x33031DE5,0xAA0A4C5F,0xDD0D7CC9,
    0x5005713C,0x270241AA,0xBE0B1010,0xC90C2086,0x5768B525,0x206F85B3,0xB966D409,0xCE61E49F,
    0x5EDEF90E,0x29D9C998,0xB0D09822,0xC7D7A8B4,0x59B33D17,0x2EB40D81,0xB7BD5C3B,0xC0BA6CAD,
    0xEDB88320,0x9ABFB3B6,0x03B6E20C,0x74B1D29A,0xEAD54739,0x9DD277AF,0x04DB2615,0x73DC1683,
    0xE3630B12,0x94643B84,0x0D6D6A3E,0x7A6A5AA8,0xE40ECF0B,0x9309FF9D,0x0A00AE27,0x7D079EB1,
    0xF00F9344,0x8708A3D2,0x1E01F268,0x6906C2FE,0xF762575D,0x806567CB,0x196C3671,0x6E6B06E7,
    0xFED41B76,0x89D32BE0,0x10DA7A5A,0x67DD4ACC,0xF9B9DF6F,0x8EBEEFF9,0x17B7BE43,0x60B08ED5,
    0xD6D6A3E8,0xA1D1937E,0x38D8C2C4,0x4FDFF252,0xD1BB67F1,0xA6BC5767,0x3FB506DD,0x48B2364B,
    0xD80D2BDA,0xAF0A1B4C,0x36034AF6,0x41047A60,0xDF60EFC3,0xA867DF55,0x316E8EEF,0x4669BE79,
    0xCB61B38C,0xBC66831A,0x256FD2A0,0x5268E236,0xCC0C7795,0xBB0B4703,0x220216B9,0x5505262F,
    0xC5BA3BBE,0xB2BD0B28,0x2BB45A92,0x5CB36A04,0xC2D7FFA7,0xB5D0CF31,0x2CD99E8B,0x5BDEAE1D,
    0x9B64C2B0,0xEC63F226,0x756AA39C,0x026D930A,0x9C0906A9,0xEB0E363F,0x72076785,0x05005713,
    0x95BF4A82,0xE2B87A14,0x7BB12BAE,0x0CB61B38,0x92D28E9B,0xE5D5BE0D,0x7CDCEFB7,0x0BDBDF21,
    0x86D3D2D4,0xF1D4E242,0x68DDB3F8,0x1FDA836E,0x81BE16CD,0xF6B9265B,0x6FB077E1,0x18B74777,
    0x88085AE6,0xFF0F6A70,0x66063BCA,0x11010B5C,0x8F659EFF,0xF862AE69,0x616BFFD3,0x166CCF45,
    0xA00AE278,0xD70DD2EE,0x4E048354,0x3903B3C2,0xA7672661,0xD06016F7,0x4969474D,0x3E6E77DB,
    0xAED16A4A,0xD9D65ADC,0x40DF0B66,0x37D83BF0,0xA9BCAE53,0xDEBB9EC5,0x47B2CF7F,0x30B5FFE9,
    0xBDBDF21C,0xCABAC28A,0x53B39330,0x24B4A3A6,0xBAD03605,0xCDD70693,0x54DE5729,0x23D967BF,
    0xB3667A2E,0xC4614AB8,0x5D681B02,0x2A6F2B94,0xB40BBE37,0xC30C8EA1,0x5A05DF1B,0x2D02EF8D },

  { 0x00000000,0x191B3141,0x32366282,0x2B2D53C3,0x646CC504,0x7D77F445,0x565AA786,0x4F4196C7,
    0xC8D98A08,0xD1C2BB49,0xFAEFE88A,0xE3F4D9CB,0xACB54F0C,0xB5AE7E4D,0x9E832D8E,0x87981CCF,
    0x4AC21251,0x53D92310,0x78F470D3,0x61EF4192,0x2EAED755,0x37B5E614,0x1C98B5D7,0x05838496,
    0x821B9859,0x9B00A918,0xB02DFADB,0xA936CB9A,0xE6775D5D,0xFF6C6C1C,0xD4413FDF,0xCD5A0E9E,
    0x958424A2,0x8C9F15E3,0xA7B24620,0xBEA97761,0xF1E8E1A6,0xE8F3D0E7,0xC3DE8324,0xDAC5B265,
    0x5D5DAEAA,0x44469FEB,0x6F6BCC28,0x7670FD69,0x39316BAE,0x202A5AEF,0x0B07092C,0x121C386D,
    0xDF4636F3,0xC65D07B2,0xED705471,0xF46B6530,0xBB2AF3F7,0xA231C2B6,0x891C9175,0x9007A034,
    0x179FBCFB,0x0E848DBA,0x25A9DE79,0x3CB2EF38,0x73F379FF,0x6AE848BE,0x41C51B7D,0x58DE2A3C,
    0xF0794F05,0xE9627E44,0xC24F2D87,0xDB541CC6,0x94158A01,0x8D0EBB40,0xA623E883,0xBF38D9C2,
    0x38A0C50D,0x21BBF44C,0x0A96A78F,0x138D96CE,0x5CCC0009,0x45D73148,0x6EFA628B,0x77E153CA,
    0xBABB5D54,0xA3A06C15,0x888D3FD6,0x91960E97,0xDED79850,0xC7CCA911,0xECE1FAD2,0xF5FACB93,
    0x7262D75C,0x6B79E61D,0x4054B5DE,0x594F849F,0x160E1258,0x0F152319,0x243870DA,0x3D23419B,
    0x65FD6BA7,0x7CE65AE6,0x57CB0925,0x4ED03864,0x0191AEA3,0x188A9FE2,0x33A7CC21,0x2ABCFD60,
    0xAD24E1AF,0xB43FD0EE,0x9F12832D,0x8609B26C,0xC94824AB,0xD05315EA,0xFB7E4629,0xE2657768,
    0x2F3F79F6,0x362448B7,0x1D091B74,0x04122A35,0x4B53BCF2,0x52488DB3,0x7965DE70,0x607EEF31,
    0xE7E6F3FE,0xFEFDC2BF,0xD5D0917C,0xCCCBA03D,0x838A36FA,0x9A9107BB,0xB1BC5478,0xA8A76539,
    0x3B83984B,0x2298A90A,0x09B5FAC9,0x10AECB88,0x5FEF5D4F,0x46F46C0E,0x6DD93FCD,0x74C20E8C,
    0xF35A1243,0xEA412302,0xC16C70C1,0xD8774180,0x9736D747,0x8E2DE606,0xA500B5C5,0xBC1B8484,
    0x71418A1A,0x685ABB5B,0x4377E898,0x5A6CD9D9,0x152D4F1E,0x0C367E5F,0x271B2D9C,0x3E001CDD,
    0xB9980012,0xA0833153,0x8BAE6290,0x92B553D1,0xDDF4C516,0xC4EFF457,0xEFC2A794,0xF6D996D5,
    0xAE07BCE9,0xB71C8DA8,0x9C31DE6B,0x852AEF2A,0xCA6B79ED,0xD37048AC,0xF85D1B6F,0xE1462A2E,
    0x66DE36E1,0x7FC507A0,0x54E85463,0x4DF36522,0x02B2F3E5,0x1BA9C2A4,0x30849167,0x299FA026,
    0xE4C5AEB8,0xFDDE9FF9,0xD6F3CC3A,0xCFE8FD7B,0x80A96BBC,0x99B25AFD,0xB29F093E,0xAB84387F,
    0x2C1C24B0,0x350715F1,0x1E2A4632,0x07317773,0x4870E1B4,0x516BD0F5,0x7A468336,0x635DB277,
    0xCBFAD74E,0xD2E1E60F,0xF9CCB5CC,0xE0D7848D,0xAF96124A,0xB68D230B,0x9DA070C8,0x84BB4189,
    0x03235D46,0x1A386C07,0x31153FC4,0x280E0E85,0x674F9842,0x7E54A903,0x5579FAC0,0x4C62CB81,
    0x8138C51F,0x9823F45E,0xB30EA79D,0xAA1596DC,0xE554001B,0xFC4F315A,0xD7626299,0xCE7953D8,
    0x49E14F17,0x50FA7E56,0x7BD72D95,0x62CC1CD4,0x2D8D8A13,0x3496BB52,0x1FBBE891,0x06A0D9D0,
    0x5E7EF3EC,0x4765C2AD,0x6C48916E,0x7553A02F,0x3A1236E8,0x230907A9,0x0824546A,0x113F652B,
    0x96A779E4,0x8FBC48A5,0xA4911B66,0xBD8A2A27,0xF2CBBCE0,0xEBD08DA1,0xC0FDDE62,0xD9E6EF23,
    0x14BCE1BD,0x0DA7D0FC,0x268A833F,0x3F91B27E,0x70D024B9,0x69CB15F8,0x42E6463B,0x5BFD777A,
    0xDC656BB5,0xC57E5AF4,0xEE530937,0xF7483876,0xB809AEB1,0xA1129FF0,0x8A3FCC33,0x9324FD72 },

  { 0x00000000,0x01C26A37,0x0384D46E,0x0246BE59,0x0709A8DC,0x06CBC2EB,0x048D7CB2,0x054F1685,
    0x0E1351B8,0x0FD13B8F,0x0D9785D6,0x0C55EFE1,0x091AF964,0x08D89353,0x0A9E2D0A,0x0B5C473D,
    0x1C26A370,0x1DE4C947,0x1FA2771E,0x1E601D29,0x1B2F0BAC,0x1AED619B,0x18ABDFC2,0x1969B5F5,
    0x1235F2C8,0x13F798FF,0x11B126A6,0x10734C91,0x153C5A14,0x14FE3023,0x16B88E7A,0x177AE44D,
    0x384D46E0,0x398F2CD7,0x3BC9928E,0x3A0BF8B9,0x3F44EE3C,0x3E86840B,0x3CC03A52,0x3D025065,
    0x365E1758,0x379C7D6F,0x35DAC336,0x3418A901,0x3157BF84,0x3095D5B3,0x32D36BEA,0x331101DD,
    0x246BE590,0x25A98FA7,0x27EF31FE,0x262D5BC9,0x23624D4C,0x22A0277B,0x20E69922,0x2124F315,
    0x2A78B428,0x2BBADE1F,0x29FC6046,0x283E0A71,0x2D711CF4,0x2CB376C3,0x2EF5C89A,0x2F37A2AD,
    0x709A8DC0,0x7158E7F7,0x731E59AE,0x72DC3399,0x7793251C,0x76514F2B,0x7417F172,0x75D59B45,
    0x7E89DC78,0x7F4BB64F,0x7D0D0816,0x7CCF6221,0x798074A4,0x78421E93,0x7A04A0CA,0x7BC6CAFD,
    0x6CBC2EB0,0x6D7E4487,0x6F38FADE,0x6EFA90E9,0x6BB5866C,0x6A77EC5B,0x68315202,0x69F33835,
    0x62AF7F08,0x636D153F,0x612BAB66,0x60E9C151,0x65A6D7D4,0x6464BDE3,0x662203BA,0x67E0698D,
    0x48D7CB20,0x4915A117,0x4B531F4E,0x4A917579,0x4FDE63FC,0x4E1C09CB,0x4C5AB792,0x4D98DDA5,
    0x46C49A98,0x4706F0AF,0x45404EF6,0x448224C1,0x41CD3244,0x400F5873,0x4249E62A,0x438B8C1D,
    0x54F16850,0x55330267,0x5775BC3E,0x56B7D609,0x53F8C08C,0x523AAABB,0x507C14E2,0x51BE7ED5,
    0x5AE239E8,0x5B2053DF,0x5966ED86,0x58A487B1,0x5DEB9134,0x5C29FB03,0x5E6F455A,0x5FAD2F6D,
    0xE1351B80,0xE0F771B7,0xE2B1CFEE,0xE373A5D9,0xE63CB35C,0xE7FED96B,0xE5B86732,0xE47A0D05,
    0xEF264A38,0xEEE4200F,0xECA29E56,0xED60F461,0xE82FE2E4,0xE9ED88D3,0xEBAB368A,0xEA695CBD,
    0xFD13B8F0,0xFCD1D2C7,0xFE976C9E,0xFF5506A9,0xFA1A102C,0xFBD87A1B,0xF99EC442,0xF85CAE75,
    0xF300E948,0xF2C2837F,0xF0843D26,0xF1465711,0xF4094194,0xF5CB2BA3,0xF78D95FA,0xF64FFFCD,
    0xD9785D60,0xD8BA3757,0xDAFC890E,0xDB3EE339,0xDE71F5BC,0xDFB39F8B,0xDDF521D2,0xDC374BE5,
    0xD76B0CD8,0xD6A966EF,0xD4EFD8B6,0xD52DB281,0xD062A404,0xD1A0CE33,0xD3E6706A,0xD2241A5D,
    0xC55EFE10,0xC49C9427,0xC6DA2A7E,0xC7184049,0xC25756CC,0xC3953CFB,0xC1D382A2,0xC011E895,
    0xCB4DAFA8,0xCA8FC59F,0xC8C97BC6,0xC90B11F1,0xCC440774,0xCD866D43,0xCFC0D31A,0xCE02B92D,
    0x91AF9640,0x906DFC77,0x922B422E,0x93E92819,0x96A63E9C,0x976454AB,0x9522EAF2,0x94E080C5,
    0x9FBCC7F8,0x9E7EADCF,0x9C381396,0x9DFA79A1,0x98B56F24,0x99770513,0x9B31BB4A,0x9AF3D17D,
    0x8D893530,0x8C4B5F07,0x8E0DE15E,0x8FCF8B69,0x8A809DEC,0x8B42F7DB,0x89044982,0x88C623B5,
    0x839A6488,0x82580EBF,0x801EB0E6,0x81DCDAD1,0x8493CC54,0x8551A663,0x8717183A,0x86D5720D,
    0xA9E2D0A0,0xA820BA97,0xAA6604CE,0xABA46EF9,0xAEEB787C,0xAF29124B,0xAD6FAC12,0xACADC625,
    0xA7F18118,0xA633EB2F,0xA4755576,0xA5B73F41,0xA0F829C4,0xA13A43F3,0xA37CFDAA,0xA2BE979D,
    0xB5C473D0,0xB40619E7,0xB640A7BE,0xB782CD89,0xB2CDDB0C,0xB30FB13B,0xB1490F62,0xB08B6555,
    0xBBD72268,0xBA15485F,0xB853F606,0xB9919C31,0xBCDE8AB4,0xBD1CE083,0xBF5A5EDA,0xBE9834ED },

  { 0x00000000,0xB8BC6765,0xAA09C88B,0x12B5AFEE,0x8F629757,0x37DEF032,0x256B5FDC,0x9DD738B9,
    0xC5B428EF,0x7D084F8A,0x6FBDE064,0xD7018701,0x4AD6BFB8,0xF26AD8DD,0xE0DF7733,0x58631056,
    0x5019579F,0xE8A530FA,0xFA109F14,0x42ACF871,0xDF7BC0C8,0x67C7A7AD,0x75720843,0xCDCE6F26,
    0x95AD7F70,0x2D111815,0x3FA4B7FB,0x8718D09E,0x1ACFE827,0xA2738F42,0xB0C620AC,0x087A47C9,
    0xA032AF3E,0x188EC85B,0x0A3B67B5,0xB28700D0,0x2F503869,0x97EC5F0C,0x8559F0E2,0x3DE59787,
    0x658687D1,0xDD3AE0B4,0xCF8F4F5A,0x7733283F,0xEAE41086,0x525877E3,0x40EDD80D,0xF851BF68,
    0xF02BF8A1,0x48979FC4,0x5A22302A,0xE29E574F,0x7F496FF6,0xC7F50893,0xD540A77D,0x6DFCC018,
    0x359FD04E,0x8D23B72B,0x9F9618C5,0x272A7FA0,0xBAFD4719,0x0241207C,0x10F48F92,0xA848E8F7,
    0x9B14583D,0x23A83F58,0x311D90B6,0x89A1F7D3,0x1476CF6A,0xACCAA80F,0xBE7F07E1,0x06C36084,
    0x5EA070D2,0xE61C17B7,0xF4A9B859,0x4C15DF3C,0xD1C2E785,0x697E80E0,0x7BCB2F0E,0xC377486B,
    0xCB0D0FA2,0x73B168C7,0x6104C729,0xD9B8A04C,0x446F98F5,0xFCD3FF90,0xEE66507E,0x56DA371B,
    0x0EB9274D,0xB6054028,0xA4B0EFC6,0x1C0C88A3,0x81DBB01A,0x3967D77F,0x2BD27891,0x936E1FF4,
    0x3B26F703,0x839A9066,0x912F3F88,0x299358ED,0xB4446054,0x0CF80731,0x1E4DA8DF,0xA6F1CFBA,
    0xFE92DFEC,0x462EB889,0x549B1767,0xEC277002,0x71F048BB,0xC94C2FDE,0xDBF98030,0x6345E755,
    0x6B3FA09C,0xD383C7F9,0xC1366817,0x798A0F72,0xE45D37CB,0x5CE150AE,0x4E54FF40,0xF6E89825,
    0xAE8B8873,0x1637EF16,0x048240F8,0xBC3E279D,0x21E91F24,0x99557841,0x8BE0D7AF,0x335CB0CA,
    0xED59B63B,0x55E5D15E,0x47507EB0,0xFFEC19D5,0x623B216C,0xDA874609,0xC832E9E7,0x708E8E82,
    0x28ED9ED4,0x9051F9B1,0x82E4565F,0x3A58313A,0xA78F0983,0x1F336EE6,0x0D86C108,0xB53AA66D,
    0xBD40E1A4,0x05FC86C1,0x1749292F,0xAFF54E4A,0x322276F3,0x8A9E1196,0x982BBE78,0x2097D91D,
    0x78F4C94B,0xC048AE2E,0xD2FD01C0,0x6A4166A5,0xF7965E1C,0x4F2A3979,0x5D9F9697,0xE523F1F2,
    0x4D6B1905,0xF5D77E60,0xE762D18E,0x5FDEB6EB,0xC2098E52,0x7AB5E937,0x680046D9,0xD0BC21BC,
    0x88DF31EA,0x3063568F,0x22D6F961,0x9A6A9E04,0x07BDA6BD,0xBF01C1D8,0xADB46E36,0x15080953,
    0x1D724E9A,0xA5CE29FF,0xB77B8611,0x0FC7E174,0x9210D9CD,0x2AACBEA8,0x38191146,0x80A57623,
    0xD8C66675,0x607A0110,0x72CFAEFE,0xCA73C99B,0x57A4F122,0xEF189647,0xFDAD39A9,0x45115ECC,
    0x764DEE06,0xCEF18963,0xDC44268D,0x64F841E8,0xF92F7951,0x41931E34,0x5326B1DA,0xEB9AD6BF,
    0xB3F9C6E9,0x0B45A18C,0x19F00E62,0xA14C6907,0x3C9B51BE,0x842736DB,0x96929935,0x2E2EFE50,
    0x2654B999,0x9EE8DEFC,0x8C5D7112,0x34E11677,0xA9362ECE,0x118A49AB,0x033FE645,0xBB838120,
    0xE3E09176,0x5B5CF613,0x49E959FD,0xF1553E98,0x6C820621,0xD43E6144,0xC68BCEAA,0x7E37A9CF,
    0xD67F4138,0x6EC3265D,0x7C7689B3,0xC4CAEED6,0x591DD66F,0xE1A1B10A,0xF3141EE4,0x4BA87981,
    0x13CB69D7,0xAB770EB2,0xB9C2A15C,0x017EC639,0x9CA9FE80,0x241599E5,0x36A0360B,0x8E1C516E,
    0x866616A7,0x3EDA71C2,0x2C6FDE2C,0x94D3B949,0x090481F0,0xB1B8E695,0xA30D497B,0x1BB12E1E,
    0x43D23E48,0xFB6E592D,0xE9DBF6C3,0x516791A6,0xCCB0A91F,0x740CCE7A,0x66B96194,0xDE0506F1 },

  { 0x00000000,0x3D6029B0,0x7AC05360,0x47A07AD0,0xF580A6C0,0xC8E08F70,0x8F40F5A0,0xB220DC10,
    0x30704BC1,0x0D106271,0x4AB018A1,0x77D03111,0xC5F0ED01,0xF890C4B1,0xBF30BE61,0x825097D1,
    0x60E09782,0x5D80BE32,0x1A20C4E2,0x2740ED52,0x95603142,0xA80018F2,0xEFA06222,0xD2C04B92,
    0x5090DC43,0x6DF0F5F3,0x2A508F23,0x1730A693,0xA5107A83,0x98705333,0xDFD029E3,0xE2B00053,
    0xC1C12F04,0xFCA106B4,0xBB017C64,0x866155D4,0x344189C4,0x0921A074,0x4E81DAA4,0x73E1F314,
    0xF1B164C5,0xCCD14D75,0x8B7137A5,0xB6111E15,0x0431C205,0x3951EBB5,0x7EF19165,0x4391B8D5,
    0xA121B886,0x9C419136,0xDBE1EBE6,0xE681C256,0x54A11E46,0x69C137F6,0x2E614D26,0x13016496,
    0x9151F347,0xAC31DAF7,0xEB91A027,0xD6F18997,0x64D15587,0x59B17C37,0x1E1106E7,0x23712F57,
    0x58F35849,0x659371F9,0x22330B29,0x1F532299,0xAD73FE89,0x9013D739,0xD7B3ADE9,0xEAD38459,
    0x68831388,0x55E33A38,0x124340E8,0x2F236958,0x9D03B548,0xA0639CF8,0xE7C3E628,0xDAA3CF98,
    0x3813CFCB,0x0573E67B,0x42D39CAB,0x7FB3B51B,0xCD93690B,0xF0F340BB,0xB7533A6B,0x8A3313DB,
    0x0863840A,0x3503ADBA,0x72A3D76A,0x4FC3FEDA,0xFDE322CA,0xC0830B7A,0x872371AA,0xBA43581A,
    0x9932774D,0xA4525EFD,0xE3F2242D,0xDE920D9D,0x6CB2D18D,0x51D2F83D,0x167282ED,0x2B12AB5D,
    0xA9423C8C,0x9422153C,0xD3826FEC,0xEEE2465C,0x5CC29A4C,0x61A2B3FC,0x2602C92C,0x1B62E09C,
    0xF9D2E0CF,0xC4B2C97F,0x8312B3AF,0xBE729A1F,0x0C52460F,0x31326FBF,0x7692156F,0x4BF23CDF,
    0xC9A2AB0E,0xF4C282BE,0xB362F86E,0x8E02D1DE,0x3C220DCE,0x0142247E,0x46E25EAE,0x7B82771E,
    0xB1E6B092,0x8C869922,0xCB26E3F2,0xF646CA42,0x44661652,0x79063FE2,0x3EA64532,0x03C66C82,
    0x8196FB53,0xBCF6D2E3,0xFB56A833,0xC6368183,0x74165D93,0x49767423,0x0ED60EF3,0x33B62743,
    0xD1062710,0xEC660EA0,0xABC67470,0x96A65DC0,0x248681D0,0x19E6A860,0x5E46D2B0,0x6326FB00,
    0xE1766CD1,0xDC164561,0x9BB63FB1,0xA6D61601,0x14F6CA11,0x2996E3A1,0x6E369971,0x5356B0C1,
    0x70279F96,0x4D47B626,0x0AE7CCF6,0x3787E546,0x85A73956,0xB8C710E6,0xFF676A36,0xC2074386,
    0x4057D457,0x7D37FDE7,0x3A978737,0x07F7AE87,0xB5D77297,0x88B75B27,0xCF1721F7,0xF2770847,
    0x10C70814,0x2DA721A4,0x6A075B74,0x576772C4,0xE547AED4,0xD8278764,0x9F87FDB4,0xA2E7D404,
    0x20B743D5,0x1DD76A65,0x5A7710B5,0x67173905,0xD537E515,0xE857CCA5,0xAFF7B675,0x92979FC5,
    0xE915E8DB,0xD475C16B,0x93D5BBBB,0xAEB5920B,0x1C954E1B,0x21F567AB,0x66551D7B,0x5B3534CB,
    0xD965A31A,0xE4058AAA,0xA3A5F07A,0x9EC5D9CA,0x2CE505DA,0x11852C6A,0x562556BA,0x6B457F0A,
    0x89F57F59,0xB49556E9,0xF3352C39,0xCE550589,0x7C75D999,0x4115F029,0x06B58AF9,0x3BD5A349,
    0xB9853498,0x84E51D28,0xC34567F8,0xFE254E48,0x4C059258,0x7165BBE8,0x36C5C138,0x0BA5E888,
    0x28D4C7DF,0x15B4EE6F,0x521494BF,0x6F74BD0F,0xDD54611F,0xE03448AF,0xA794327F,0x9AF41BCF,
    0x18A48C1E,0x25C4A5AE,0x6264DF7E,0x5F04F6CE,0xED242ADE,0xD044036E,0x97E479BE,0xAA84500E,
    0x4834505D,0x755479ED,0x32F4033D,0x0F942A8D,0xBDB4F69D,0x80D4DF2D,0xC774A5FD,0xFA148C4D,
    0x78441B9C,0x4524322C,0x028448FC,0x3FE4614C,0x8DC4BD5C,0xB0A494EC,0xF704EE3C,0xCA64C78C },

  { 0x00000000,0xCB5CD3A5,0x4DC8A10B,0x869472AE,0x9B914216,0x50CD91B3,0xD659E31D,0x1D0530B8,
    0xEC53826D,0x270F51C8,0xA19B2366,0x6AC7F0C3,0x77C2C07B,0xBC9E13DE,0x3A0A6170,0xF156B2D5,
    0x03D6029B,0xC88AD13E,0x4E1EA390,0x85427035,0x9847408D,0x531B9328,0xD58FE186,0x1ED33223,
    0xEF8580F6,0x24D95353,0xA24D21FD,0x6911F258,0x7414C2E0,0xBF481145,0x39DC63EB,0xF280B04E,
    0x07AC0536,0xCCF0D693,0x4A64A43D,0x81387798,0x9C3D4720,0x57619485,0xD1F5E62B,0x1AA9358E,
    0xEBFF875B,0x20A354FE,0xA6372650,0x6D6BF5F5,0x706EC54D,0xBB3216E8,0x3DA66446,0xF6FAB7E3,
    0x047A07AD,0xCF26D408,0x49B2A6A6,0x82EE7503,0x9FEB45BB,0x54B7961E,0xD223E4B0,0x197F3715,
    0xE82985C0,0x23755665,0xA5E124CB,0x6EBDF76E,0x73B8C7D6,0xB8E41473,0x3E7066DD,0xF52CB578,
    0x0F580A6C,0xC404D9C9,0x4290AB67,0x89CC78C2,0x94C9487A,0x5F959BDF,0xD901E971,0x125D3AD4,
    0xE30B8801,0x28575BA4,0xAEC3290A,0x659FFAAF,0x789ACA17,0xB3C619B2,0x35526B1C,0xFE0EB8B9,
    0x0C8E08F7,0xC7D2DB52,0x4146A9FC,0x8A1A7A59,0x971F4AE1,0x5C439944,0xDAD7EBEA,0x118B384F,
    0xE0DD8A9A,0x2B81593F,0xAD152B91,0x6649F834,0x7B4CC88C,0xB0101B29,0x36846987,0xFDD8BA22,
    0x08F40F5A,0xC3A8DCFF,0x453CAE51,0x8E607DF4,0x93654D4C,0x58399EE9,0xDEADEC47,0x15F13FE2,
    0xE4A78D37,0x2FFB5E92,0xA96F2C3C,0x6233FF99,0x7F36CF21,0xB46A1C84,0x32FE6E2A,0xF9A2BD8F,
    0x0B220DC1,0xC07EDE64,0x46EAACCA,0x8DB67F6F,0x90B34FD7,0x5BEF9C72,0xDD7BEEDC,0x16273D79,
    0xE7718FAC,0x2C2D5C09,0xAAB92EA7,0x61E5FD02,0x7CE0CDBA,0xB7BC1E1F,0x31286CB1,0xFA74BF14,
    0x1EB014D8,0xD5ECC77D,0x5378B5D3,0x98246676,0x852156CE,0x4E7D856B,0xC8E9F7C5,0x03B52460,
    0xF2E396B5,0x39BF4510,0xBF2B37BE,0x7477E41B,0x6972D4A3,0xA22E0706,0x24BA75A8,0xEFE6A60D,
    0x1D661643,0xD63AC5E6,0x50AEB748,0x9BF264ED,0x86F75455,0x4DAB87F0,0xCB3FF55E,0x006326FB,
    0xF135942E,0x3A69478B,0xBCFD3525,0x77A1E680,0x6AA4D638,0xA1F8059D,0x276C7733,0xEC30A496,
    0x191C11EE,0xD240C24B,0x54D4B0E5,0x9F886340,0x828D53F8,0x49D1805D,0xCF45F2F3,0x04192156,
    0xF54F9383,0x3E134026,0xB8873288,0x73DBE12D,0x6EDED195,0xA5820230,0x2316709E,0xE84AA33B,
    0x1ACA1375,0xD196C0D0,0x5702B27E,0x9C5E61DB,0x815B5163,0x4A0782C6,0xCC93F068,0x07CF23CD,
    0xF6999118,0x3DC542BD,0xBB513013,0x700DE3B6,0x6D08D30E,0xA65400AB,0x20C07205,0xEB9CA1A0,
    0x11E81EB4,0xDAB4CD11,0x5C20BFBF,0x977C6C1A,0x8A795CA2,0x41258F07,0xC7B1FDA9,0x0CED2E0C,
    0xFDBB9CD9,0x36E74F7C,0xB0733DD2,0x7B2FEE77,0x662ADECF,0xAD760D6A,0x2BE27FC4,0xE0BEAC61,
    0x123E1C2F,0xD962CF8A,0x5FF6BD24,0x94AA6E81,0x89AF5E39,0x42F38D9C,0xC467FF32,0x0F3B2C97,
    0xFE6D9E42,0x35314DE7,0xB3A53F49,0x78F9ECEC,0x65FCDC54,0xAEA00FF1,0x28347D5F,0xE368AEFA,
    0x16441B82,0xDD18C827,0x5B8CBA89,0x90D0692C,0x8DD55994,0x46898A31,0xC01DF89F,0x0B412B3A,
    0xFA1799EF,0x314B4A4A,0xB7DF38E4,0x7C83EB41,0x6186DBF9,0xAADA085C,0x2C4E7AF2,0xE712A957,
    0x15921919,0xDECECABC,0x585AB812,0x93066BB7,0x8E035B0F,0x455F88AA,0xC3CBFA04,0x089729A1,
    0xF9C19B74,0x329D48D1,0xB4093A7F,0x7F55E9DA,0x6250D962,0xA90C0AC7,0x2F987869,0xE4C4ABCC },

  { 0x00000000,0xA6770BB4,0x979F1129,0x31E81A9D,0xF44F2413,0x52382FA7,0x63D0353A,0xC5A73E8E,
    0x33EF4E67,0x959845D3,0xA4705F4E,0x020754FA,0xC7A06A74,0x61D761C0,0x503F7B5D,0xF64870E9,
    0x67DE9CCE,0xC1A9977A,0xF0418DE7,0x56368653,0x9391B8DD,0x35E6B369,0x040EA9F4,0xA279A240,
    0x5431D2A9,0xF246D91D,0xC3AEC380,0x65D9C834,0xA07EF6BA,0x0609FD0E,0x37E1E793,0x9196EC27,
    0xCFBD399C,0x69CA3228,0x582228B5,0xFE552301,0x3BF21D8F,0x9D85163B,0xAC6D0CA6,0x0A1A0712,
    0xFC5277FB,0x5A257C4F,0x6BCD66D2,0xCDBA6D66,0x081D53E8,0xAE6A585C,0x9F8242C1,0x39F54975,
    0xA863A552,0x0E14AEE6,0x3FFCB47B,0x998BBFCF,0x5C2C8141,0xFA5B8AF5,0xCBB39068,0x6DC49BDC,
    0x9B8CEB35,0x3DFBE081,0x0C13FA1C,0xAA64F1A8,0x6FC3CF26,0xC9B4C492,0xF85CDE0F,0x5E2BD5BB,
    0x440B7579,0xE27C7ECD,0xD3946450,0x75E36FE4,0xB044516A,0x16335ADE,0x27DB4043,0x81AC4BF7,
    0x77E43B1E,0xD19330AA,0xE07B2A37,0x460C2183,0x83AB1F0D,0x25DC14B9,0x14340E24,0xB2430590,
    0x23D5E9B7,0x85A2E203,0xB44AF89E,0x123DF32A,0xD79ACDA4,0x71EDC610,0x4005DC8D,0xE672D739,
    0x103AA7D0,0xB64DAC64,0x87A5B6F9,0x21D2BD4D,0xE47583C3,0x42028877,0x73EA92EA,0xD59D995E,
    0x8BB64CE5,0x2DC14751,0x1C295DCC,0xBA5E5678,0x7FF968F6,0xD98E6342,0xE86679DF,0x4E11726B,
    0xB8590282,0x1E2E0936,0x2FC613AB,0x89B1181F,0x4C162691,0xEA612D25,0xDB8937B8,0x7DFE3C0C,
    0xEC68D02B,0x4A1FDB9F,0x7BF7C102,0xDD80CAB6,0x1827F438,0xBE50FF8C,0x8FB8E511,0x29CFEEA5,
    0xDF879E4C,0x79F095F8,0x48188F65,0xEE6F84D1,0x2BC8BA5F,0x8DBFB1EB,0xBC57AB76,0x1A20A0C2,
    0x8816EAF2,0x2E61E146,0x1F89FBDB,0xB9FEF06F,0x7C59CEE1,0xDA2EC555,0xEBC6DFC8,0x4DB1D47C,
    0xBBF9A495,0x1D8EAF21,0x2C66B5BC,0x8A11BE08,0x4FB68086,0xE9C18B32,0xD82991AF,0x7E5E9A1B,
    0xEFC8763C,0x49BF7D88,0x78576715,0xDE206CA1,0x1B87522F,0xBDF0599B,0x8C184306,0x2A6F48B2,
    0xDC27385B,0x7A5033EF,0x4BB82972,0xEDCF22C6,0x28681C48,0x8E1F17FC,0xBFF70D61,0x198006D5,
    0x47ABD36E,0xE1DCD8DA,0xD034C247,0x7643C9F3,0xB3E4F77D,0x1593FCC9,0x247BE654,0x820CEDE0,
    0x74449D09,0xD23396BD,0xE3DB8C20,0x45AC8794,0x800BB91A,0x267CB2AE,0x1794A833,0xB1E3A387,
    0x20754FA0,0x86024414,0xB7EA5E89,0x119D553D,0xD43A6BB3,0x724D6007,0x43A57A9A,0xE5D2712E,
    0x139A01C7,0xB5ED0A73,0x840510EE,0x22721B5A,0xE7D525D4,0x41A22E60,0x704A34FD,0xD63D3F49,
    0xCC1D9F8B,0x6A6A943F,0x5B828EA2,0xFDF58516,0x3852BB98,0x9E25B02C,0xAFCDAAB1,0x09BAA105,
    0xFFF2D1EC,0x5985DA58,0x686DC0C5,0xCE1ACB71,0x0BBDF5FF,0xADCAFE4B,0x9C22E4D6,0x3A55EF62,
    0xABC30345,0x0DB408F1,0x3C5C126C,0x9A2B19D8,0x5F8C2756,0xF9FB2CE2,0xC813367F,0x6E643DCB,
    0x982C4D22,0x3E5B4696,0x0FB35C0B,0xA9C457BF,0x6C636931,0xCA146285,0xFBFC7818,0x5D8B73AC,
    0x03A0A617,0xA5D7ADA3,0x943FB73E,0x3248BC8A,0xF7EF8204,0x519889B0,0x6070932D,0xC6079899,
    0x304FE870,0x9638E3C4,0xA7D0F959,0x01A7F2ED,0xC400CC63,0x6277C7D7,0x539FDD4A,0xF5E8D6FE,
    0x647E3AD9,0xC209316D,0xF3E12BF0,0x55962044,0x90311ECA,0x3646157E,0x07AE0FE3,0xA1D90457,
    0x579174BE,0xF1E67F0A,0xC00E6597,0x66796E23,0xA3DE50AD,0x05A95B19,0x34414184,0x92364A30 },

  { 0x00000000,0xCCAA009E,0x4225077D,0x8E8F07E3,0x844A0EFA,0x48E00E64,0xC66F0987,0x0AC50919,
    0xD3E51BB5,0x1F4F1B2B,0x91C01CC8,0x5D6A1C56,0x57AF154F,0x9B0515D1,0x158A1232,0xD92012AC,
    0x7CBB312B,0xB01131B5,0x3E9E3656,0xF23436C8,0xF8F13FD1,0x345B3F4F,0xBAD438AC,0x767E3832,
    0xAF5E2A9E,0x63F42A00,0xED7B2DE3,0x21D12D7D,0x2B142464,0xE7BE24FA,0x69312319,0xA59B2387,
    0xF9766256,0x35DC62C8,0xBB53652B,0x77F965B5,0x7D3C6CAC,0xB1966C32,0x3F196BD1,0xF3B36B4F,
    0x2A9379E3,0xE639797D,0x68B67E9E,0xA41C7E00,0xAED97719,0x62737787,0xECFC7064,0x205670FA,
    0x85CD537D,0x496753E3,0xC7E85400,0x0B42549E,0x01875D87,0xCD2D5D19,0x43A25AFA,0x8F085A64,
    0x562848C8,0x9A824856,0x140D4FB5,0xD8A74F2B,0xD2624632,0x1EC846AC,0x9047414F,0x5CED41D1,
    0x299DC2ED,0xE537C273,0x6BB8C590,0xA712C50E,0xADD7CC17,0x617DCC89,0xEFF2CB6A,0x2358CBF4,
    0xFA78D958,0x36D2D9C6,0xB85DDE25,0x74F7DEBB,0x7E32D7A2,0xB298D73C,0x3C17D0DF,0xF0BDD041,
    0x5526F3C6,0x998CF358,0x1703F4BB,0xDBA9F425,0xD16CFD3C,0x1DC6FDA2,0x9349FA41,0x5FE3FADF,
    0x86C3E873,0x4A69E8ED,0xC4E6EF0E,0x084CEF90,0x0289E689,0xCE23E617,0x40ACE1F4,0x8C06E16A,
    0xD0EBA0BB,0x1C41A025,0x92CEA7C6,0x5E64A758,0x54A1AE41,0x980BAEDF,0x1684A93C,0xDA2EA9A2,
    0x030EBB0E,0xCFA4BB90,0x412BBC73,0x8D81BCED,0x8744B5F4,0x4BEEB56A,0xC561B289,0x09CBB217,
    0xAC509190,0x60FA910E,0xEE7596ED,0x22DF9673,0x281A9F6A,0xE4B09FF4,0x6A3F9817,0xA6959889,
    0x7FB58A25,0xB31F8ABB,0x3D908D58,0xF13A8DC6,0xFBFF84DF,0x37558441,0xB9DA83A2,0x7570833C,
    0x533B85DA,0x9F918544,0x111E82A7,0xDDB48239,0xD7718B20,0x1BDB8BBE,0x95548C5D,0x59FE8CC3,
    0x80DE9E6F,0x4C749EF1,0xC2FB9912,0x0E51998C,0x04949095,0xC83E900B,0x46B197E8,0x8A1B9776,
    0x2F80B4F1,0xE32AB46F,0x6DA5B38C,0xA10FB312,0xABCABA0B,0x6760BA95,0xE9EFBD76,0x2545BDE8,
    0xFC65AF44,0x30CFAFDA,0xBE40A839,0x72EAA8A7,0x782FA1BE,0xB485A120,0x3A0AA6C3,0xF6A0A65D,
    0xAA4DE78C,0x66E7E712,0xE868E0F1,0x24C2E06F,0x2E07E976,0xE2ADE9E8,0x6C22EE0B,0xA088EE95,
    0x79A8FC39,0xB502FCA7,0x3B8DFB44,0xF727FBDA,0xFDE2F2C3,0x3148F25D,0xBFC7F5BE,0x736DF520,
    0xD6F6D6A7,0x1A5CD639,0x94D3D1DA,0x5879D144,0x52BCD85D,0x9E16D8C3,0x1099DF20,0xDC33DFBE,
    0x0513CD12,0xC9B9CD8C,0x4736CA6F,0x8B9CCAF1,0x8159C3E8,0x4DF3C376,0xC37CC495,0x0FD6C40B,
    0x7AA64737,0xB60C47A9,0x3883404A,0xF42940D4,0xFEEC49CD,0x32464953,0xBCC94EB0,0x70634E2E,
    0xA9435C82,0x65E95C1C,0xEB665BFF,0x27CC5B61,0x2D095278,0xE1A352E6,0x6F2C5505,0xA386559B,
    0x061D761C,0xCAB77682,0x44387161,0x889271FF,0x825778E6,0x4EFD7878,0xC0727F9B,0x0CD87F05,
    0xD5F86DA9,0x19526D37,0x97DD6AD4,0x5B776A4A,0x51B26353,0x9D1863CD,0x1397642E,0xDF3D64B0,
    0x83D02561,0x4F7A25FF,0xC1F5221C,0x0D5F2282,0x079A2B9B,0xCB302B05,0x45BF2CE6,0x89152C78,
    0x50353ED4,0x9C9F3E4A,0x121039A9,0xDEBA3937,0xD47F302E,0x18D530B0,0x965A3753,0x5AF037CD,
    0xFF6B144A,0x33C114D4,0xBD4E1337,0x71E413A9,0x7B211AB0,0xB78B1A2E,0x39041DCD,0xF5AE1D53,
    0x2C8E0FFF,0xE0240F61,0x6EAB0882,0xA201081C,0xA8C40105,0x646E019B,0xEAE10678,0x264B06E6 }
};



SWITCH_DECLARE(uint32_t) switch_crc32_8bytes(const void* data, size_t length)
{
        uint32_t *current = (uint32_t *) data;
        uint32_t previousCrc32 = 0;
        uint32_t crc = ~previousCrc32; // same as previousCrc32 ^ 0xFFFFFFFF
        uint8_t *currentChar;

        // process eight bytes at once
        while (length >= 8)
                {
                        uint32_t one = *current++ ^ crc;
                        uint32_t two = *current++;
                        crc  = crc32Lookup[7][ one      & 0xFF] ^
                                crc32Lookup[6][(one>> 8) & 0xFF] ^
                                crc32Lookup[5][(one>>16) & 0xFF] ^
                                crc32Lookup[4][ one>>24        ] ^
                                crc32Lookup[3][ two      & 0xFF] ^
                                crc32Lookup[2][(two>> 8) & 0xFF] ^
                                crc32Lookup[1][(two>>16) & 0xFF] ^
                                crc32Lookup[0][ two>>24        ];
                        length -= 8;
                }

        currentChar = (uint8_t*) current;
        // remaining 1 to 7 bytes (standard CRC table-based algorithm)
        while (length--)
                crc = (crc >> 8) ^ crc32Lookup[0][(crc & 0xFF) ^ *currentChar++];

        return ~crc; // same as crc ^ 0xFFFFFFFF
}





/* For Emacs:
 * Local Variables:
 * mode:c
 * indent-tabs-mode:t
 * tab-width:4
 * c-basic-offset:4
 * End:
 * For VIM:
 * vim:set softtabstop=4 shiftwidth=4 tabstop=4 noet:
 */